CVE-2023-28771

Zyxel Multiple Firewalls OS Command Injection Vulnerability

  • Critical 9.8
  • Exploited: added to CISA KEV 31 May 2023

Description

Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, and ATP series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.35, which could allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute some OS commands remotely by sending crafted packets to an affected device.

Key facts

Published
25 Apr 2023
Last changed
21 Oct 2025
Assigned by
Zyxel
KEV added
31 May 2023
KEV fix due
21 Jun 2023
EPSS
99.284% likely to be exploited in the next 30 days, higher than 99.938% of CVEs (scores for 15 Nov 2026)
SSVC (CISA)
Exploitation: active; Automatable: yes; Technical impact: total

Severity scores

Each score is shown as its source gave it. They are not averaged or merged.

  • 9.8CVSS 3.1, Criticalfrom the CNA (Zyxel)CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

What to do

  • Apply updates per vendor instructions.CISA KEV required action

Historical context and remediation

This reference retains the original CVE publication date. A recent record update does not mean a new attack occurred.

No separately sourced impact summary is available on this page yet. Consult the description, version data and dated exploitation evidence.

Version statuses below come from the CNA. An “unaffected” version is not necessarily a currently supported release or proof of a patch date. EPSS is a dated risk estimate, not a count of historical attacks.

Read the original CVE record.

Affected products

VendorProductVersions
ZyxelZyWALL/USG series firmware
  • 4.60 through 4.73 (affected)
ZyxelVPN series firmware
  • 4.60 through 5.35 (affected)
ZyxelUSG FLEX series firmware
  • 4.60 through 5.35 (affected)
ZyxelATP series firmware
  • 4.60 through 5.35 (affected)

Timeline

  1. 25 Apr 2023 Published
  2. 31 May 2023 CVE-2023-28771 added to CISA KEV
  3. 31 May 2023 Added to the CISA KEV catalogue

Weakness

Practice this bug class

HackZoneLabs has a hands-on lab on OS command injection (CWE-78).

References